Organ transplantation
Organ transplantation is the process of transplanting an organ or tissue from a donor to a recipient. The donor graft is obtained either during the donor’s lifetime or after death, with the essential condition being a healthy organ that functions well.
The most common type of transplantation worldwide is blood transfusion. Unlike blood transfusion, organ transplantation is an extremely complex surgical procedure requiring thorough preparation and prolonged postoperative monitoring.
The overall performance of modern transplantation is high: according to the World Health Organization, organ transplant surgeries are performed with a success rate of up to 98%. These impressive results are achieved mainly by globally accredited transplant centers that use innovative methods and advanced equipment.
Who needs organ transplantation?
Organ transplantation is only an option when the patient’s life or health cannot be sustained by other means. A medical commission determines whether the recipient truly requires an organ or tissue transplant and whether they can endure a major surgical procedure.
Transplantation is often performed when an organ fails to fulfill its function (decompensated stage). The causes of terminal organ failure may include:
- Congenital disorders, including aplasia—absence or underdevelopment of an organ
- Injury
- Disease
- Poisoning
What procedures are used in transplantation?
The advanced procedures used by leading countries in transplantation have been scientifically validated for their effectiveness. These procedures include:
- Cellular CAR-T therapy (chimeric antigen receptor of T-cells): used in the treatment of malignant tumors.
- Robot-assisted transplantation: performed with the assistance of the latest generation equipment.
Where is the best place to undergo an organ transplant?
| Liver transplantation | Kidney transplantation | Bone marrow transplantation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leaders in transplantation | The global leader in transplantation is Israel, where it is regulated by a specialized division of the Ministry of Health. Other leading countries for liver transplantation include: Turkey Spain United States Germany South Korea France Spain South Korea Turkey Italy France | Spain South Korea Turkey Italy France Kidney donation and transplantation are strictly regulated by Federal Laws, specific to each country. | Germany Turkey Israel South Korea India |
Diseases treated with transplantation
Artificial intelligence in transplantation
The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) in the United Kingdom has developed an AI-based solution to evaluate the quality of organs for transplantation.
The system, known as OrQA, identifies damage and assesses the quality of organ perfusion. The success of organ transplantation and graft survival rates are directly influenced by AI-assisted quality control.
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