Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure aimed at treating various neurological and psychiatric disorders. The method involves implanting electrodes into specific areas of the brain, delivering electrical impulses to modulate neuronal activity and improve the patient’s condition.
Key stages of the procedure
- Patient preparation
Before the procedure, a thorough examination is performed, including neuroimaging studies (MRI or CT) and an assessment of the patient’s mental status. - Electrode implantation
During surgery, performed under general or local anesthesia, thin electrodes are implanted into targeted brain areas, such as the thalamus, through small openings in the skull. - Stimulator placement
A small pulse generator is implanted in the chest area to control the electrodes’ activity. The physician adjusts the stimulation parameters as needed. - Stimulator adjustment
After the surgery, the stimulation settings are adjusted to optimize the effect on specific brain regions
DBS is indicated for the treatment of the following conditions:
- Parkinson’s disease: helps reduce motor symptoms such as tremors, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia.
- Essential (primary) tremor
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): specifically for treatment-resistant forms unresponsive to medication.
- Severe and/or treatment-resistant depression
- Epilepsy
Features of the procedure
- Multidisciplinary approach: the procedure involves a team of specialists, including neurosurgeons, neurologists, psychiatrists, and others.
- Long-term monitoring: regular follow-ups are essential after the procedure to monitor the patient’s condition and adjust stimulation parameters.
- Individualized treatment: the effectiveness of DBS varies between patients, so personalized stimulation settings are critical for optimal outcomes.
